Watching YOU – Experiencing Serialized Television

Mariana Martinez

Do something for me. Go on, open the streaming site Netflix (http://www.netflix.com) in your closest device; if you don’t have an account, annoy your friend until they let you use their account and enlist them for this experiment. Now, select the new show YOU and – this is the most important part – randomly choose an episode. It cannot be the first one, and preferably not the second one either. Once you have done this, enjoy!

Okay, some of you reading this will be already horrified at the idea of doing such a thing, you just feel it’s wrong. For the brave, naïve souls who actually did it, chances are that you had no idea what was going on, you didn’t know if the protagonists are good or evil, and there were scenes you were sure were meant to shock or move you, but the moments simply fell flat in the midst of all that confusion. This is because YOU, like most television shows nowadays, is serialized – its plot is continuous and unfolds throughout multiple episodes in a chronological manner – as opposed to the episodic shows – where each episode has a self-contained plot, as in procedural shows. Because serialization has become the standard, we often forget that television experience has been turned upside down in the past decade. Now, by using this show, let’s explore what these changes are and how they influence the way we watch television.

First, YOU was produced by Lifetime where an episode was streamed weekly, but it wasn’t until it was bought and the ten episodes were dropped on Netflix that it became an international sensation. This is, in part, because the show is an adaptation of the 2014 novel of the same name written by Caroline Kepnes, and therefore the series is structured like a book, where the story expands throughout the whole run, with each episode ending in a cliff-hanger that compels you to continue watching. Netflix, then, provides a similar experience of reading a novel because all the content is available at once and it is up to us, the audience, to decide when to watch the episodes.

In the first few minutes of the pilot, Joe Goldberg is narrating the story to a person that soon is revealed to be his romantic interest, Beck. Beginning with their meeting, we follow Joe in his obsessive efforts to ‘get’ and ‘protect’ her, and the obstacles that are put in his way. The plot itself is innovative because it twists the conventional romance, but it is the serialized format of a television series that gives YOU – which could have been translated to a movie – the space to develop its characters. We are disgusted by Joe’s actions toward Beck (SPOILER ALERT: stealing her panties, killing her ‘boyfriend’), but we have the time to know her and she stops being simply a victim to become a flawed, yet ultimately, relatable woman. Joe also transcends into a layered character as we see other facets beyond the creepy stalker, we get to learn about his backstory and witness his kindness. It is because the development that the characters experience that the events of later episodes have the emotional stakes that they do – it is so satisfying when (SPOILER ALERT) Beck finally discovers the truth about Joe because for episodes we have been frustrated by her ignorance. We are heartbroken by her murder because we got attached to her in a long period of time. Even Paco’s decision to not help Beck is understandable because we witnessed Ron’s ongoing abuse and Joe’s benevolent acts toward him. The serialized format gives us the context that we need for the events to matter.

Not all aspects of television serials are wonderful. For one, it requires effort – as of right now it takes over seven hours to watch, and as new seasons are released this number will increase. Moreover, as proved by our experiment, episodes cannot be viewed independently and as a casual viewer or someone who wants to rewatch a few episodes of a beloved show, episodic sitcoms such as Friends are more appealing, and profitable for networks who stream show reruns in unchronological order. Lastly, if YOU continues to succeed with audiences, it may follow the path of many shows that were dragged on with filler episodes, jeopardizing their quality.

In the end, shows like YOU are shaped by its serialized structure, demanding our time and attention, but giving us complexity in storytelling and character development in return. Whether it is a shift we like or not, it looks like this trend is here to stay and shows like YOU will continue to be produced and consumed by eager audiences. Remember, the “last time this happened — in 19th century England [with] narrative serialization, the novel changed for good” (Jones).

 

Works Cited

Andreeva, Nellie, and Nellie Andreeva. “Lifetime Buys Drama From Greg Berlanti &

Sera Gamble, Sets Premiere Date For Euthanasia Series ‘Mary Kills People’: TCA.” Deadline, Deadline, 13 Jan. 2017, deadline.com/2017/01/lifetime-thriller-drama-greg-berlanti-sera-gamble-mary-kills-people-premiere-date-tca-1201885418

Jones, Chris. “TV Storytelling Could Change Our Stories for Good.” Chicago Tribune, Chicago

Tribune, 22 Mar. 2014, www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/theater/ct-serialized-tv-stories-column.html.

Mittell, Jason. Complex TV: the Poetics of Contemporary Television Storytelling. New York University Press, 2015.

Romano, Nick. “Netflix Puts ‘YOU’ on Track for over 40 Million Member Views in First Four Weeks.” EW.com, EW.com, 17 Jan. 2019, ew.com/tv/2019/01/17/netflix-you-ratings/.

The Telephone Game of Scientific Knowledge

Wyatt Bernier

Photo by Reynaldo Brigantty from Pexels

We all know that information originates with experts, is transmitted through the media, and is eventually received by the general public. We also know that lately, the accuracy and reliability of information has been less than adequate, what with flat-earthers, anti-GMO groups, and anti-vaxxers running rampant. But what we cannot seem to figure out is who is responsible. If we were to ask academics, journalists, and common people, they would all blame each other, but the reality is that we are all at fault. Experts making unsubstantiated claims, journalists sensationalizing academics, and the general public mindlessly reading news are just a few of the issues plaguing the broken game of telephone we have been playing with scientific facts.

Read the rest of this entry »

Threatened Libraries? The Constant Evolution of Public Libraries

Sophia Charyna

In a course titled “The History and Future of the Book,” we have discussed the humble beginnings of language, writing, and the literary canon. In the remainder of this course, we will continue to explore what the future of the book looks like. Evidently, the digitization of books and scholarship has a remarkable impact on the publication, distribution, and borrowing of books and other materials.

Figure 1. From https://imgflip.com/memegenerator

When was the last time you went to a Public Library? As an English major, it’s a little embarrassing to say that I don’t remember the last time I did.

Also, embarrassing was my (until recent) belief in the stereotype “dying libraries.” English majors often encounter the constant questions of post-degree careers: “What are you going to do with that degree,” “teach English?”, “Work in a library? That’s not a career that’s going to last!” In an article written by an American librarian Kelli Cross, she accounts: “Public libraries have been busy. And getting busier. Per research conducted by the American Library Association, ‘in 2013, there were 1.5 billion in-person visits to public libraries across the U.S., the equivalent of more than 4 million visits each day. That’s 2,854 per minute’” (Cross). Due to the continuous evolution of libraries to suit the requirements and requests of the community they serve, they continue to have a patronage. Living within is a privileged group, I believe it is often easy to forget that the services offered by public libraries are essential to some intersectional groups of our city.

Figure 2. Beginner books, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beginner_Books#/media/File:Beginner-brightearlybookx.jpg

As a beginning reader, I wanted to read as much as possible, but my skill level and age kept me constrained to short books that were interesting to me. It didn’t make sense for my parents to buy every book that I read (I’d only read them once!). Having access to a public library provided me with a world of information, what felt like an endless supply of books, and the freedom to explore what I was interested in. For a long time, this was primarily children’s fiction that included magic, dragons, or preferably, both. Having this access, along with encouragement from my parents and teachers, made me a lifelong reader, and lover of books (which explains my choice of major).

Reflecting on the time the I spent in the library in my hometown with extremely positive memories — I can’t help but feel a little guilty for not continuing to use the public library as a resource. Talking to my peers and friends, many of us have expressed that we don’t visit the library as much as we used to.  Why is this?

One: I Read Less for “Fun”

A harsh reality of adulthood. And student-hood. When I decide on a book I’d like to read, I am far more likely to get it from a bookstore or borrow it from someone that I know.

Two: Libraries are Different

With these changes that have been made to public libraries to become places of resource for those who need them, they have become less necessary for me. Leading to… #3.

Three: I Don’t Think I Need the Library

Libraries have had to adapt to a digital generation. Libraries within the Saskatoon Public System offer Books and Magazines, as well as extensive offerings of digital options, technology rentals, the only free public access to the internet as well as video game rentals, music and other forms of media. Perhaps, I have felt less inclined to access public library services, because I am privileged to have access to the internet at home, as well as streaming services for digital media such as Netflix and Spotify.

Figure 3. Saskatoon Library. From https://saskatooncentrallibrary.ca/gallery

Surely with the changes that libraries have made for the times, there are new uses to discover. First, I went to the Saskatoon Public Library Website. Turns out my library card is expired, so first thing on the agenda was to get a new one. I was prepared to drive to my local library and sign up, but I could sign up for one online. With a Library Card (digitally) in hand, I began to explore what was available to me. SPL has a full digital library of high-quality audiobooks for rental, as well as Ebooks, TV, movies, and other digital media. In physical libraries, they offer free internet access, computer access, and other technology for borrowing. In addition to each of these, there are exceptional services available online and in person. Some options I found included: “Your Next Great Read,” which invites a patron to provide a list of interests, and books that they enjoy, and a librarian who specializes in that area or genre will suggest other titles you may have never heard of.  If you are interested in starting a Book Club, they offer a “Book Club in a Bag,” that provides multiple copies of the same novel as well as guiding questions for discussion.

Libraries are essential components of communities. Often, especially in small towns, they are a central building, with multiple uses, that is important to many intersections within those communities. In Saskatoon, public libraries are one of a few places that offer free access to technology and the internet, in addition to books, public archives, magazines, movies, television, and video games.  Libraries are built with multi-use spaces that can be used for community gathering, artistic exploration, and education. From programs for Adult literacy education, to Youth Poetry Slams, the library is a gathering place for children, creatives, and academics. Knowing what resources are available, I aim to use them more, and with a renewed appreciation of a libraries place in a community, I intend to promote the continued funding and support of the institution.

Works Referenced and Cited:    

“Adults.”  Saskatoon Public Library. https://saskatoonlibrary.ca/adults. Accessed February 13, 2019.

Cross, Kelli. “Libraries: Dying or Thriving?” Medium, https://medium.com/@kellicross/libraries-dying-or-thriving-b5400208cb0b. Accessed February 14, 2019.

“Digital Library.” Saskatoon Public Library.  https://saskatoonlibrary.ca/digital-library. Accessed February 14, 2019.

“The Role of Modern Libraries” SPL Connects, https://saskatooncentrallibrary.ca/modern-libraries. Accessed February 13, 2019.

How Twitter Aids in the International Spreading of Fake News

Kelsey Neufeld

Twitter is a popular social media outlet that is used by people all around the world. Even though the source only allows a measly 140 word limit and the option to post photo and video, it has become a very powerful news spreading network. Although this widely viewed news source is briefly read it is very rarely truthful or accurate, and it has taken the world of news by storm. As you scroll through twitter with the mindset that not everything is true, it is very evident that fake news is all around us. Many studies have shown that false news is proven to spread way faster and get retweeted more often than correct news in any shape or form with real news taking six times as long to reach twitter users in comparison to fake news (Fox).

A research study was conducted by MIT’s Soroush Vosoughi, after the 2013 Boston Marathon bombings. Most of the general population go to twitter for updates on tragedies like this one to try and find out what has happened and why. Vosoughi decided to check out the feed on twitter stating that “twitter became our main source of news, I realized that a good chunk of what I was reading on social media was rumors.” Him and his colleagues used a variety of websites that sort out fake articles from true ones and found that out of 126,000 stories, false news stories were tweeted 70 percent more frequently than real stories (Meyer). Fake news in events like this can be very heartbreaking for loved ones of the victims, and any false names released or incorrect information can have a lasting effect on families affected.

Image source: https://oursocialtimes.com/fake-news/

Read the rest of this entry »

Apple Daily: A Newspaper vs The Third Most Powerful Country in the World

Angelica B

Occupy Central Protest of 2014. Photo by Dickson Lee of South China Morning Post.

Before we dive in, I think it’s important to provide some background information on Hong Kong. Hong Kong is a small region on the southeast tip of China with a population of 7.4 million, making it the fourth most densely populated place in the world. Hong Kong is a former British colony that was handed back to China in 1997 under the agreement that Hong Kong would maintain a “high degree of autonomy, except in foreign and defence affairs” (“The Joint Declaration”). As many people expected, this “autonomy” did not last. China has been incessantly enforcing their control over Hong Kong in a multitude of ways, with the British Chairman of Foreign affairs saying China has been treating the pre-handover agreement signed between China and the United Kingdom as “void” (“Daily Hansard – Debate”). Hong Kong citizens have protested Chinese control several times since the handover, most famously during the Umbrella Revolution protests of 2014. The revolt of Hong Kong citizens has the potential to create dire consequences for China as it could inspire mainland Chinese citizens to follow suit. This has led to increased tension between Hong Kong citizens and the Hong Kong government who has been trying to suppress any resistance to China.

Read the rest of this entry »

Computing Visionary: Who was Ada Lovelace?

Iqra Abbasi

Figure 1: Ada Lovelace, https://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/ada-lovelace-day-2/

The official computer languages pioneered in the 1950s with the creation of Fortran I, Cobol and Algol (Fairhead) were thought to be milestones in understanding the personal computer, more specifically the operational principle of a Central Processing Unit with memory. However, while many pay homage to Charles Babbage, the father of the computer, the first ‘programmer’ generally agreed upon is Augusta Ada, Countess of Lovelace (1815-52).

Ada Lovelace was born to Rmantic poet Lord Byron and his wife, Annabelle. They separated when Ada was five months old, and as a result, her mother kept Ada busy at a young age with various tutors in mathematics, sciences, music and French (Charman-Anderson). Ada’s life took a turn when at 17 she was introduced to Charles Babbage, a professor in mathematics at the University of Cambridge. Babbage invited Ada to come to see his small-scale computing machine called the Difference Engine, commonly referred to as the Difference Machine. Ada, determined to understand how the machine worked, asked Babbage to look at the blueprints of the machine.

Read the rest of this entry »

William Blake’s Books as Art

Sheila Bautz

A Lifetime of Visions… Poetic Flow… Artistic Flare… Inventions… William Blake was a prolific Poetic Genius born in 1757 during the Industrial Revolution in Britain. He studied art as a child at the academy of Henry Pars followed by a seven year apprenticeship under James Basire. Shortly after his apprenticeship with Basire, in 1779, Blake began to experiment with improving the printing process and its techniques. (Bentley, 1981).

Read the rest of this entry »

Books with moving parts

Colton Kidd

From etchings on stone tablets to digital copies, books have evolved drastically over time. While the future of the book is uncertain, past innovations regarding books can still be seen even today. As a kid I remember being fascinated by interactive books: things like pop-ups, pull-able tabs that moved the designs on the page, and even buttons that when pressed played music or sound effects. For the most part, these features are more commonly found in children’s books rather than novels or anthologies. Heretofore these constituents were praised at the time of their inauguration for their ingenuity and functionality that would shape future book designs. I will analyze the origins of the significant movable parts in books and their functions.

A Discovery and Playne Declaration of Sundry Subtill Practises of the Holy Inquisition of Spayne by Raimundo González de Montes (Retrieved from: https://www.smu.edu/Bridwell/SpecialCollectionsandArchives/Exhibitions/ShapeofContent/MovingParts/BigPictures)

Read the rest of this entry »

Judging Books by Their Covers: A Useful Practice?

Matthew Arsenault

According to a 2017 Barnes & Noble article titled “How to Judge a Book by its Cover,” much of the literature in today’s book shops can indeed be judged by its cover. The article, written by Jeff Somers, identifies stereotypes and tropes in popular fiction covers to help readers deduce the genre of any certain book. Upon reading this article, I wanted to see if these modern guidelines would hold up against older book covers from, say, 100 years ago.

But I didn’t want to investigate the greatest literary works of times past – the covers of these have been analyzed to shreds by much better scholars than I. No, I wanted to look at covers of old genre fiction that lay shrouded in obscurity – the kind of books that can’t be found in the public or university library. Moreover, I wanted to go into these judgements completely blind, so searching for “weird old books” on the internet was out of the question. Thus, I went to the one place that I knew would harbor the most obscure books from decades past: my grandparents’ attic.

Figure 1: Rudyard Kipling, Stalky & Co., 1899. All images (c) Matthew Arsenault.

Lo and behold, in a box caked in dust and labelled “old books” lay the subject of my enquiry. After a thorough inspection for spiders, I cracked the box open and wiped the grime off the book spines. With my Barnes & Noble guide in hand, I set to work.

Read the rest of this entry »

The Book with Many Faces: How Different Book Covers Change the Same Story

Alyson Cook, Ravenclaw Hogwarts alumni

Figure 1: The UK Edition of the first Harry Potter. Image Source: http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/File:Harry01english.jpg

When I think of childhood summer vacations, I often think of my mom’s lemonade, swimming at the beach of the camping ground we would always go to and staying up way past my bedtime reading all the Harry Potter books. Without even looking at my book shelf across my room, I can already picture the cover of the first book: a big red train – the Hogwarts Express –, Harry Potter himself, standing on Platform 9 ¾ looking super confused with his lightning bolt scar visible, and the title in big gold lettering across a red background proclaiming, Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone.

Imagine my surprise when I was visiting a bookstore in the States a few summers ago and discovering something both strikingly familiar of past summers and surprisingly different.

Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone?

What was that! I thought. And what was this book cover? Harry Potter flying through an archway on a broomstick? Catching a Golden Snitch?

I knew I had to investigate. Flipping through the book, I confirmed that it was, in fact, J.K. Rowling’s novel that I had read so many times before, just with a different face. Somehow, I felt like I was holding something both alien and familiar.

This led me to wonder about other Harry Potter covers, and whether or not this changed how they were received or how one would approach the contents of the book. How many faces to the story of The Boy Who Lived were there?

Read the rest of this entry »